diff --git a/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/common/constant/SecurityConstants.java b/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/common/constant/SecurityConstants.java
index 5115cce4..a85b1dcb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/common/constant/SecurityConstants.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/common/constant/SecurityConstants.java
@@ -39,4 +39,9 @@ public interface SecurityConstants {
      * 微信登录路径
      */
     String WECHAT_LOGIN_PATH = "/api/v1/auth/wechat-login";
+
+    /**
+     * 角色前缀 Spring Security 的 authorities 角色前缀，用于区分角色和权限
+     */
+    String ROLE_PREFIX = "ROLE_";
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/model/SysUserDetails.java b/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/model/SysUserDetails.java
index 633dbb0d..6005214f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/model/SysUserDetails.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/model/SysUserDetails.java
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ package com.youlai.boot.core.security.model;
 
 import cn.hutool.core.collection.CollectionUtil;
 import cn.hutool.core.util.ObjectUtil;
+import com.youlai.boot.common.constant.SecurityConstants;
 import com.youlai.boot.system.model.dto.UserAuthInfo;
 import lombok.Data;
-import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
 import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
 import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
@@ -12,51 +12,76 @@ import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 /**
- * Spring Security 用户对象
+ * Spring Security 用户认证对象
+ * <p>
+ * 封装了用户的基本信息和权限信息，供 Spring Security 进行用户认证与授权。
+ * 实现了 {@link UserDetails} 接口，提供用户的核心信息。
  *
- * @author haoxr
- * @since 3.0.0
+ * @author Ray.Hao
+ * @version 3.0.0
  */
 @Data
 @NoArgsConstructor
 public class SysUserDetails implements UserDetails {
 
-    @Getter
+    /**
+     * 用户ID
+     */
     private Long userId;
 
+    /**
+     * 用户名
+     */
     private String username;
 
+    /**
+     * 密码
+     */
     private String password;
 
+    /**
+     * 账号是否启用（true：启用，false：禁用）
+     */
     private Boolean enabled;
 
-    private Collection<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities;
-
+    /**
+     * 部门ID
+     */
     private Long deptId;
 
+    /**
+     * 数据权限范围
+     */
     private Integer dataScope;
 
+    /**
+     * 用户角色权限集合
+     */
+    private Collection<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities;
+
+    /**
+     * 构造函数：根据用户认证信息初始化用户详情对象
+     *
+     * @param user 用户认证信息对象 {@link UserAuthInfo}
+     */
     public SysUserDetails(UserAuthInfo user) {
         this.userId = user.getUserId();
-        Set<String> roles = user.getRoles();
-        Set<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities;
-        if (CollectionUtil.isNotEmpty(roles)) {
-            authorities = roles.stream()
-                    .map(role -> new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" + role)) // 标识角色
-                    .collect(Collectors.toSet());
-        } else {
-            authorities = Collections.emptySet();
-        }
-        this.authorities = authorities;
         this.username = user.getUsername();
         this.password = user.getPassword();
         this.enabled = ObjectUtil.equal(user.getStatus(), 1);
         this.deptId = user.getDeptId();
         this.dataScope = user.getDataScope();
+
+        // 初始化角色权限集合
+        this.authorities = CollectionUtil.isNotEmpty(user.getRoles())
+                ? user.getRoles().stream()
+                // 角色名加上前缀 "ROLE_"，用于区分角色 (ROLE_ADMIN) 和权限 (user:add)
+                .map(role -> new SimpleGrantedAuthority(SecurityConstants.ROLE_PREFIX + role))
+                .collect(Collectors.toSet())
+                : Collections.emptySet();
     }
 
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/util/SecurityUtils.java b/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/util/SecurityUtils.java
index 4344ea49..12e41e18 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/util/SecurityUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/youlai/boot/core/security/util/SecurityUtils.java
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package com.youlai.boot.core.security.util;
 
 import cn.hutool.core.collection.CollectionUtil;
 import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
+import com.youlai.boot.common.constant.SecurityConstants;
 import com.youlai.boot.common.constant.SystemConstants;
 import com.youlai.boot.core.security.model.SysUserDetails;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
@@ -83,21 +84,21 @@ public class SecurityUtils {
 
 
     /**
-     * 获取用户角色集合
+     * 获取角色集合
      *
      * @return 角色集合
      */
     public static Set<String> getRoles() {
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        if (authentication != null) {
-            Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();
-            if (CollectionUtil.isNotEmpty(authorities)) {
-                return authorities.stream().filter(item -> item.getAuthority().startsWith("ROLE_"))
-                        .map(item -> StrUtil.removePrefix(item.getAuthority(), "ROLE_"))
-                        .collect(Collectors.toSet());
-            }
-        }
-        return Collections.EMPTY_SET;
+        return Optional.ofNullable(SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication())
+                .map(Authentication::getAuthorities)
+                .filter(CollectionUtil::isNotEmpty)
+                .stream()
+                .flatMap(Collection::stream)
+                .map(GrantedAuthority::getAuthority)
+                // 筛选角色,authorities 中的角色都是以 ROLE_ 开头
+                .filter(authority -> authority.startsWith(SecurityConstants.ROLE_PREFIX))
+                .map(authority -> StrUtil.removePrefix(authority, SecurityConstants.ROLE_PREFIX))
+                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
     }
 
     /**